Best Solar Panel Inverters: Microinverter vs. String Inverters

Solar panel inverters are the unsung heroes of residential solar panel systems. Aside from the solar panels themselves, solar inverters are one of the most important components of a solar installation. 

At their core, solar inverters have one main function: to convert the direct current (DC) electricity that your solar panels generate into an alternating current (AC) electricity that your home can use. There are two main types of solar inverters:

• Microinverters

• String inverters

There are advantages and disadvantages to each type of solar inverter, and the right one for your home ultimately depends on your system design.

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What are microinverters?

A microinverter works by attaching to the back of each individual solar panel and is responsible for converting the DC power produced by that specific panel into AC power. Some microinverters can connect to more than one solar panel. 

After the electricity is converted, the microinverter sends AC electricity from each solar panel directly to the home’s electrical circuits or the electrical grid.

Microinverters are best for solar systems that will experience shading or are installed on more complex roofs. If you think you’ll want to expand your solar panel system someday, then microinverters are also a good choice, as they make it easier to add solar panels.

What are string inverters?

String inverters also turn DC into AC electricity, but do so differently than a microinverter. Typically, only one string inverter is installed for a residential solar installation, which is usually installed close to your main service panel or electrical meter. 

The solar panels on your roof will be wired in strings connected to the string inverter, where the electricity generated by your solar panels will be converted for your home to use.

String inverters are often paired with DC power optimizers to meet electrical code standards, maximize energy production, and reduce shading impacts. Power optimizers are attached to the back of each panel, track the panel’s output, and can then regulate voltage before the generated power is sent to the string inverter.

String inverters are best for solar installations on simple, unshaded roofs. 

Which type of inverter is best for solar panels?

The right inverter for you ultimately depends on your home and the type of solar installation you get. 

Microinverters are the best choice for bigger, more complex systems, like having panels on more than one roof plane. Also, if your panels receive partial shade throughout the day, a microinverter will help make the most of your system’s performance. Even at a higher price point, maximizing solar power production will help you see a return on investment.

String inverters are ideal for straightforward installations, like when you have a shade-free roof with all the panels placed on one side. Having the DC optimizers helps you maximize your panel’s power production, but you can still enjoy the ease of just having one inverter at a lower price point.